四级英语进阶秘诀：每日打卡训练，攻克难词易忘词汇

arise/ ə’raiz/ vi.出现；由…引起

The birds also attack crops when the opportunity arises.

一有机会鸟儿们也会破坏庄稼。

arouse/ ə’rauz/ vt.引起，唤起；唤醒

We left in the daytime so as not to arouse suspicion.

我们在白天离开以避免引起怀疑。

dose/deus/n.剂量，用量；一剂

One dose of penicillin can wipe out the infection.

一剂青霉素就能消除感染。

draft/dra:ft/n.草稿；汇票vt.起草

I rewrote his rough draft, which was published under my name

我把他的草稿重新改写，并以我的名字发表了。

evolve/ i’vɔlv/ vt.使进化；使发展

The bright plumage of many male birds has evolved to attract females

很多雄鸟进化出鲜艳的羽毛是为了吸引雌鸟。

exaggerate/ ig’zædʒəreit/ vt.&vi.夸大，夸张

He thinks I'm exaggerating

他觉得我在夸大其词。

exceed/ ik’si:d/ vt.超过，胜过；超出

Its research budget exceeds$ 700 million a year

其研究预算每年超过7亿美元。

exceedingly/ ik’si:diŋli/ ad.极端的，非常

We had an exceedingly good lunch

我们吃了一顿极为丰盛的午餐。

excess/ ik’ses, ‘ekses/ n.超越；过量；过度

An excess of house plants in a small flat can be oppressive

在小公寓中摆放过多室内植物会让人觉得很压抑。

furnace/ ‘fə:nis/ n.炉子，熔炉；鼓风炉

This paper focus on the application of DCS control system in High Speed Rod Mill Heating Furance.

介绍了DCS控制系统在步进梁式加热炉上的应用。

furnish/ ‘fə:niʃ/ vt.供应，提供；装备

Many proprietors try to furnish their hotels with antiques.

许多经营者都想用古董装饰他们的酒店。

furthermore/ ‘fə:ðə’mɔ:/ ad.而且，此外

Furthermore, they claim that any such interference is completely ineffective.

此外，他们还声称任何这样的干预都是完全无效的。

intensive/ in’tensiv/ a.加强的；精耕细作的

Each counsellor undergoes an intensive training programme before beginning work.

每个辅导员在上岗前都要接受密集培训。

molecule/ ‘mɔlikju:l/ n.分子，克分子

A methane molecule is composed of one carbon atom attached to four hydrogens.

甲烷分子由1个碳原子与4个氢原子构成。

monument/ ‘mɔnjumənt/ n.纪念碑；纪念馆

By his international achievements he leaves a fitting monument to his beliefs.

他在国际上的成就为其信念作出了最好的注解。

moral/ ‘mɔrəl/ a.道德的；合乎道德的

They have no morals.

他们没有一点品行

precaution/ pri’kɔ:ʃən/ n.预防；警惕

Could he not, just as a precaution, move to a place of safety?

就算仅仅是为了以防万一，难道他就不能挪到安全的地方吗？

preceding/ pri(:)’si:diŋ/ a.在前的；在先的

His testimony contradicted that of the preceding witness.

他的证词和前一位的互相矛盾。

reveal/ ri’vi:l/ vt.展现；揭示，揭露

She has refused to reveal the whereabouts of her daughter

她不肯透露她女儿的行踪。

reverse/ ri’və:s/ vt.颠倒，翻转 n.背面

They have made it clear they will not reverse the decision to increase prices

他们已经明确表示不会更改提价的决定。

revolt/ ri’vəult/ vi.&n.反抗，造反

It was undeniably a revolt by ordinary people against their leaders

不可否认，这是一场平民百姓反抗领导人的起义。

spade/ speid/ n.铲，铁锹

I'm not at all secretive, and I'm pretty good at calling a spade a spade.

我不会遮遮掩掩，我喜欢直言不讳。

span/ spæn/ n.跨距；一段时间

The batteries had a life span of six hours

这些电池的寿命为6小时。

spark/ spa:k/ n.火花， 火星

The fire gradually got bigger and bigger. Sparks flew off in all directions.

火越燃越烈，火星四溅。

specialist/ speʃəlist/ n.专家

Peckham, himself a cancer specialist, is well aware of the wide variations in medical practice.

佩卡姆本人是一名癌症专家，他非常了解不同治疗方法之间的巨大差异。

specialize/ ‘speʃəlaiz/ vi.成为…专家；专攻

Many students specialize in engineering.

许多学生专攻工程学。

assemble/ ə’sembl/ vt.集合，召集；装配

There wasn't even a convenient place for students to assemble between classes

在课间，学生们连一个方便凑在一起的地方都没有。

assembly/ ə’sembli/ n.集合；集会；装配

He waited until complete quiet settled on the assembly.

他一直等到集会的人群完全安静下来。

assign/ ə’sain/ vt.指派；分配；指定

When I taught, I would assign a topic to children which they would write about

我教课时会给孩子们布置一个题目，让他们就这个题目写点东西。

assistance/ ə’sistəns/ n. 协助,援助

Since 1976 he has been operating the shop with the assistance of volunteers

从1976年开始，他就在志愿者的帮助下经营这个店。

competent/ ‘kɔmpitənt/ a.有能力的；应该做的

He was a loyal, distinguished and very competent civil servant.

他是一位敬业、优秀而且非常称职的公务员。

drift/drift/vi.漂流，漂泊n.漂流

We proceeded to drift on up the river

我们继续向河流的上游漂流。

drill/dril/n.钻头；操练vi.钻孔

He drilled into the wall of Lili's bedroom

他在莉莉卧室的墙上钻了个孔。

drip/drip/vi.滴下；漏水n.水滴

Sit your child forward and let the blood drip into a tissue or on to the floor

让你的孩子前倾坐着，让血滴在纸巾上或地板上。

drown/draun/vi.淹死，溺死

Forty-eight people have drowned after their boat capsized during a storm

他们的船在暴风雨中倾覆后有48人溺亡

execute/ ‘eksikju:t/ vt.将…处死；实施

He was executed by lethal injection earlier today

他于今天早些时候被注射处死。

executive/ ig’zekjutiv/ a.执行的 n.执行者

A successful job search needs to be as well organised as any other executive task

成功的求职与执行其他任何任务一样，都需要良好的条理性

exert/ ig’zə:t/ vt.尽(力)，运用

He exerted considerable influence on the thinking of the scientific community on these issues

他极大地影响了科学界对这些问题的看法

internal/ in’tə:nl/ a.内的；国内的

The country stepped up internal security

该国加强了国内安保。

interpret/ in’tə:prit/ vt.解释，说明；口译

The whole speech might well be interpreted as a coded message to the Americans

整个演讲完全可以看成是在向美国人传递编码信息。

interpretation/ intə:pri’teiʃən/ n.解释；口译

The opposition Conservative Party put a different interpretation on the figures

反对党保守党对这些数字提出一番不同的解释。

multiple/ ‘mΛltipl/ a.复合的；并联的

He died of multiple injuries

他死于多处受伤。

preferable/ ‘prefərəbl/ a.更可取的，更好的

A big earthquake a long way off is preferable to a smaller one nearby

远处发生大地震总比在附近发生小地震好。

preference/ ‘prefərəns/ n.偏爱，优先；优先权

Parents can express a preference for the school their child attends

父母可以表达对自己孩子所上学校的偏好。

prejudice/ ‘predʒudis/ n.偏见，成见

There was a deep-rooted racial prejudice long before the two countries became rivals and went to war

早在这两个国家成为敌人并且兵戎相见之前，它们之间就有了根深蒂固的种族偏见。

preliminary/ pri’liminəri/ a.预备的，初步的

Preliminary results show the Republican party with 11 percent of the vote

初步结果显示共和党获得了11%的选票。

rigid/ ‘ridʒid/ a.刚硬的；僵硬的

Several colleges in our study have rigid rules about student conduct

在我们的研究中，有几所大学制定了严格的学生行为规则。

rival/ ‘raivəl/ n.竞争者 a.竞争的

The world champion finished more than two seconds ahead of his nearest rival

世界冠军领先第二名2秒多钟到达终点。

spite/ spait/ n. 恶意,怨恨,不顾 vt. 刁难,欺侮

Josef Krips at the State Opera hired her in spite of the fact that she had never sung on stage

尽管她从未在舞台上演唱过，国家歌剧院的约瑟夫·克里普斯还是聘用了她

split/ split/ vt.劈开 vi.被劈开

In a severe gale the ship split in two

在一次大风中，船断成了两截。

spoil/ spɔil/ vt.损坏，糟蹋；宠坏

It's important not to let mistakes spoil your life

重要的是不要让错误毁了你的生活。

sponsor/ ‘spɔnsə/ n.发起者 vt.发起

Mercury, in association with The Independent, is sponsoring Britain's first major Pop Art exhibition for over 20 years

《信使报》正携手《独立报》一起为20多年来英国举办的首届大型通俗艺术展览提供赞助。

compress/ kəm’pres/ vt.压紧，压缩

Poor posture, sitting or walking slouched over, compresses the body's organs

坐着或者走路的时候低头垂肩，这种不正确的姿势会压迫体内的器官

comprise/ kəm’praiz/ vt.包含，包括；构成

The special cabinet committee comprises Mr Brown, Mr Mandelson, and Mr Straw

特别内阁委员会包括布朗先生、曼德尔森先生和斯特劳先生。

dusk/dqsk/n.薄暮，黄昏，幽暗

We arrived home at dusk.

我们傍晚到家。

dynamic/dainamik/a.有活力的；动力的

He seemed a dynamic and energetic leader

他似乎是一个富有干劲、精力充沛的领导。

exploit/ ‘eksplɔit, iks’plɔit/ vt.剥削；利用；开拓

Critics claim he exploited black musicians for personal gain.

批评家声称他压榨黑人音乐家谋求私利。

investment/ in’vestmənt/ n.投资，投资额，投入

He said the government must introduce tax incentives to encourage investment

他说政府必须推出税收激励政策来鼓励投资。

investigate/ in’vestigeit/ vt.&vi.调查

Gas officials are investigating the cause of an explosion which badly damaged a house in Hampshire

煤气系统的官员正在调查一起瓦斯爆炸的起因，这起事故严重毁坏了汉普郡的一所房屋。

invisible/ in’vizəbl/ a.看不见的，无形的

The lines were so finely etched as to be invisible from a distance

线条被蚀刻得如此精细，在远处看都看不见。

principle/ ‘prinsəpl/ n.原则，原理；主义

Buck never allowed himself to be bullied into doing anything that went against his principles

巴克从来不会因为受到威胁而做违背自己原则的事情。

prior/ ‘praiə/ a.在先的；优先的

He claimed he had no prior knowledge of the protest

他声称自己事先并不知道这次抗议的事。

privilege/ ‘privilidʒ/ n.特权，优惠

The Russian Federation has issued a decree abolishing special privileges for government officials.

俄罗斯联邦已经颁布法令废除政府官员的特权

procedure/ prə’si:dʒə/ n.程序；手续；过程

A biopsy is usually a minor surgical procedure

活组织检查通常是一个很小的外科手术。

rotation/ rəu’teiʃən/ n.旋转，转动；循环

Once a month we met for the whole day, and in rotation each one led the group.

我们每个月聚在一起一整天，轮流担任领队。

rotten/ ‘rɔtn/ a.腐烂的，发臭的

The smell outside this building is overwhelming — like rotten eggs

这栋大楼外面的气味让人无法忍受——就像臭鸡蛋的味道。

stack/ stæk/ n.堆，垛 vt.堆积

There were stacks of books on the bedside table and floor.

床头桌和地板上有几摞书。

stain/ stein/ vt.沾污；给…着色

Remove stains by soaking in a mild solution of bleach.

用温和的漂白剂浸泡以去除污迹。

stake/ steik/ n.桩；赌金；奖品

The tension was naturally high for a game with so much at stake

对于一场成败攸关的比赛来说气氛自然非常紧张。

stale/ steil/ n.陈腐的；走了气的

Their daily diet consisted of a lump of stale bread, a bowl of rice and stale water.

他们的日常饮食包括一块不新鲜的面包、一碗米饭和变味的水。

auxiliary/ ɔ:g’ziljəri/ a.辅助的；附属的

Nursing auxiliaries provide basic care, but are not qualified nurses.

助理护士只提供基本护理，不具备护士资格。

avenue/ ‘ævinju:/ n.林荫道，道路；大街

Talbot was presented with 80 potential avenues of investigation

给塔尔博特提出了80种进行调查的可能途径。

exposure/ iks’pəuʒə/ n.暴露；揭露；曝光

Exposure to lead is known to damage the brains of young children.

众所周知，接触铅对幼儿的大脑有害。

extensive/ iks’tensiv/ a.广阔的；广泛的

When built, the palace and its grounds were more extensive than the city itself.

建成时，宫殿及其庭院比城市本身面积还要大

extent/ iks’tent/ n.广度；范围；程度

The government itself has little information on the extent of industrial pollution

政府本身几乎不了解工业污染的程度。

prominent/ ‘prɔminənt/ a.实起的；突出的

Here the window plays a prominent part in the design.

这里窗户在设计中起着非常重要的作用。

prompt/ prɔmpt/ a.及时的 vt.敦促

Japan's recession has prompted consumers to cut back on buying cars

日本经济的不景气使得消费者在购买车辆上减少了开支。

property/ ‘prɔpəti/ n.财产，资产；性质

Richard could easily destroy her personal property to punish her for walking out on him

理查德能轻易毁掉她的私人财产来惩罚她对他的背叛。

steer/ stiə/ vt.&vi.驾驶

What is it like to steer a ship this size?

驾驶这么大的船感觉怎么样？

stem/ stem/ n.茎，(树)干 vi.起源

All my problems stem from drink

我所有的问题都源于酗酒。

sticky/ ‘stiki/ a.粘性的；胶粘的

If the dough is sticky, add more flour

如果面团太黏，就再加点面粉。

stiff/ stif/ a.硬的；僵直的

The furniture was stiff, uncomfortable, too delicate, and too neat

家具又硬又不舒服，太不结实而且太小巧

stimulate/ ‘stimjuleit/ vt.刺激，激励，激发

The furniture was stiff, uncomfortable, too delicate, and too neat

家具又硬又不舒服，太不结实而且太小巧

condemn/ kən’dem/ vt.谴责，指责；判刑

Political leaders united yesterday to condemn the latest wave of violence

政界领袖昨日联合起来对最近激增的暴力事件予以谴责。

exterior/ eks’tiəriə/ a.外部的；对外的

In one ad the viewer scarcely sees the car's exterior

在一则广告中，观众几乎看不到汽车的外观。

external/ eks’tə:nl/ a.外部的，外面的

Such events occur only when the external conditions are favorable.

这种事情只有在外部条件有利时才会发生。

extraordinary/ iks’trɔ:dinəri/ a.非同寻常的，特别的

We've made extraordinary progress as a society in that regard

在那个方面，我们的社会已经取得了巨大的进步。

proportion/ prə’pɔ:ʃən/ n.比，比率，部分

A large proportion of the dolphins in that area will eventually die

那片区域里的很大一部分海豚终将死去。

proportional/ prə’pɔ:ʃənl/ a.比例低；相称的

Loss of weight is directly proportional to the rate at which the disease is progressing.

体重的下降与病情发展的速度成正比。

proposal/ prə’pəuzəl/ n.提议，建议；求婚

The President is to put forward new proposals for resolving the country's constitutional crisis

总统将提出解决国家宪法危机的新议案。

propose/ prə’pəuz/ vt.提议 vi.求婚

Britain is about to propose changes to some institutions

英国将提议对一些机构进行改革。

prospect/ ‘prɔspekt, prəs’pekt/ n.展望；前景，前程

Unfortunately, there is little prospect of seeing these big questions answered

不幸的是，几乎不可能看到这些重大问题得到回复。

stir/ stə:/ vt.动；拨动；激动

Stir the soup for a few seconds

将汤搅和几秒钟。

stoop/ stu:p/ vi.俯身；弯身 n.弯腰

She was taller than he was and stooped slightly.

她比他高，而且略微有些驼背。

aspect/ ‘æspekt/ n.方面；样子，外表

Climate and weather affect every aspect of our lives

气候和天气影响着我们生活的方方面面。

comparative/ kəm’pærətiv/ a.比较的，相对的

The task was accomplished with comparative ease.

相对而言，任务完成得比较轻松。

comparison/ kəm’pærisn/ n.比较，对照；比似

Its recommendations are based on detailed comparisons between the public and private sectors

建议是建立在对国营部门与私营部门进行详细比较的基础上的。

compel/ kəm’pel/ vt.强迫，迫使屈服

Leonie's mother was compelled to take in washing to help support her family

利奥妮的妈妈被迫在家替人洗衣服，以贴补家用。

drain/drein/vt.排去；放水n.耗竭

Miners built the tunnel to drain water out of the mines

矿工们开凿了一条地道，以排出矿井里的水。

dramatic/drəmatik/a.引人注目的，戏剧的

A fifth year of drought is expected to have dramatic effects on the California economy

第五年遭受旱灾预计会对加利福尼亚的经济产生巨大的影响。

excessive/ ik’sesiv/ a.过多的，极度的

The government says that local authority spending is excessive.

政府称地方当局开支过大。

exclaim/ iks’kleim/ vi.呼喊；惊叫

'He went back to the lab', Iris exclaimed impatiently

“他回实验室去了，”艾里斯不耐烦地大声说。

exclude/ iks’klu:d/ vt.把…排除在外

The Academy excluded women from its classes

该学院不招收女学生。

exclusively/ iks’klu:sivli/ ad.专门地

Instruction in these subjects in undergraduate classes is almost exclusively by lecture.

本科生的这几门课程几乎完全是通过讲座教授的。

excursion/ iks’kə:ʃən/ n.远足；短途旅行

In Bermuda, Sam's father took him on an excursion to a coral barrier.

在百慕大，萨姆的父亲带他到附近的珊瑚礁去游玩

interfere/ intə’fiə/ vi.干涉，干预；妨碍

I wish everyone would stop interfering and just leave me alone

我希望大家都别再来干涉我，让我一个人静一静。

interior/ in’tiəriə/ a.内的；内地的n.内部

The interior of the house was furnished with heavy, old-fashioned pieces

房子里摆放着笨重的旧式家具。

intermediate/ intə’mi:djət/ a.中间的；中级的

You should consider breaking the journey with intermediate stopovers at airport hotels.

你应该考虑将旅程分为几段，中途在机场旅馆稍作停留。

motion/ ‘məuʃən/ n.运动；手势；提议

One group of muscles sets the next group in motion

一组肌肉带动下一组肌肉运动。

motivate/ ‘məutiveit/ vt.促动；激励，激发

They are motivated by a need to achieve

对成功的渴望激励着他们。

motive/ ‘məutiv/ n.动机，目的

Police have ruled out robbery as a motive for the killing.

警方已排除因抢劫而杀人的可能。

precious/ ‘preʃəs/ a.珍贵的，宝贵的

After four months in foreign parts, every hour at home was precious

在国外呆了4个月后，在家的每一刻都是宝贵的。

precise/ pri’sais/ a.精确的，准确的

I can remember the precise moment when my daughter came to see me and her new baby brother in hospital

我能清楚地回想起我女儿来医院看我和她刚出生的弟弟的那一刻。

precision/ pri’siʒən/ n.精确，精密，精密度

The choir sang with precision

唱诗班的演唱准确无误。

preface/ ‘prefis/ n.序言，前言，引语

I will preface what I am going to say with a few lines from Shakespeare

进入正题之前，我先引用莎士比亚的几句诗作为开场白。

rhythm/ ‘riðəm/ n.韵律，格律；节奏

His music of that period fused the rhythms of Jazz with classical forms

他那个时期的音乐将爵士乐的韵律和古典音乐的形式融合在了一起。

rib/ rib/ n.肋，肋骨

Her heart was thumping against her ribs

她的心脏紧抵着肋骨砰砰跳动。

ribbon/ ‘ribən/ n.缎带，丝带；带

She had tied back her hair with a peach satin ribbon.

她用一根桃色缎带把头发扎在脑后。

ridge/ ridʒ/ n.脊；岭，山脉；垄

A little way below the ridge was an outcrop of rock that made a rough shelter.

山脊下方不远处有一块露出地面的岩石，大致形成了一个掩蔽处。

specific/ spi’sifik/ a.特有的；具体的

Massage may help to increase blood flow to specific areas of the body

按摩有助于增加身体特定部位的血液流量。

specify/ ‘spesifai/ vi.指定，详细说明

They specified a spacious entrance hall

他们专门指定要一个宽敞的大门厅。

specimen/ ‘spesimin/ n.样本，标本，样品

200,000 specimens of fungus are kept at the Komarov Botanical Institute.

有20万份菌类标本被保存在科马罗夫植物研究所。

sphere/ sfiə/ n.球，圆体；范围

They see the region as their natural sphere of influence due to their historical links and a shared language.

基于历史上的联系和共同的语言，他们把该地区看成是自己天然的势力范围

spill/ spil/ vt.使溢出 vi.溢出

70,000 tonnes of oil spilled from the tanker

7万吨油从油轮中溢了出来。